In a significant step toward easing tensions in the Horn of Africa, Somalia and Ethiopia have pledged to resolve their dispute over Ethiopia’s plan to build a port in Somaliland. The move aims to secure reliable maritime access for Ethiopia while promoting regional stability.
The agreement was announced after high-level talks on Wednesday mediated by Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan. “This joint declaration focuses on the future, not the past,” Erdogan said during a press conference in Ankara, underscoring Turkey’s role in fostering the dialogue.
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The issue stems from Ethiopia’s January decision to lease a port in Somaliland in exchange for recognizing the region’s independence—a move Mogadishu strongly opposed. Somalia, which does not recognize Somaliland’s self-declared independence since 1991, had threatened to expel Ethiopian troops aiding Somalia in its fight against Islamist insurgents.
Timeline for Resolution
The two nations have agreed to initiate technical negotiations by February next year and conclude within four months. While specific terms were not disclosed, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed welcomed Turkey’s involvement, calling the talks “a new chapter of cooperation.” Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud also expressed his willingness to work collaboratively for a mutually beneficial outcome.
The conflict has added complexity to Somalia’s relationships in the region, drawing it closer to Egypt and Eritrea, two of Ethiopia’s longtime adversaries. Egypt has been at odds with Ethiopia over the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Nile, while Eritrea has a fraught history with Addis Ababa.
Strategic Mediation
Turkey, which has established strong ties with both Somalia and Ethiopia, played a pivotal role in brokering the discussions. It has invested heavily in Somalia’s security infrastructure and development, securing influence in a region critical for global shipping routes.
Erdogan’s mediation offers a glimmer of hope for resolving a dispute that threatens to destabilize the already volatile region. As both nations seek a peaceful resolution, the Horn of Africa watches closely for a framework that balances Ethiopia’s need for maritime access with Somalia’s sovereignty concerns.
